Passover and the Lord's Supper

By Karen Boydston



In forum discussions from the fulfilled eschatology perspective, the question is often asked about the necessity of the Lord's Supper after A.D. 70.? Here is the particular passage in question and some thoughts on it from my present understanding.

And He said to them, "I have earnestly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer; {16} for I say to you, I shall never again eat it until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God." {17} And when He had taken a cup and given thanks, He said, "Take this and share it among yourselves; {18} for I say to you, I will not drink of the fruit of the vine from now on until the kingdom of God comes." {19}  and when He had taken some bread and given thanks,? He broke it, and gave it to them, saying, "This is My body which is given for you; do this in remembrance of Me." {20} And in the same way He took the cup after they had eaten, saying, "This cup which is poured out for you is the new covenant in My blood.? Luke 22:15-20 

In regard to the Passover, I believe it ceased.  Read Luke 22:1-20 and look at it carefully.  It is clearly the Passover.  Therefore, if A.D. 70 has come and we are drinking it (wine) new with Him, then it follows that what they were eating before A.D. 70 was old.   That is, the Passover was an Old Covenant ritual that typified Christ's blood.    Hence, this is (or this represents) the New covenant in my blood.   The Passover has passed away.    They were observing it as a Jewish ritual until A.D.70.    It was done away.    Ward Fenley

I agree with the above statement. This article attempts to give several reasons why it seems the commandment of Christ to celebrate the Lord's supper has past.  It appears that Jesus ate the Passover meal with His disciples to show His disciples that the New Covenant life would be Himself --that He was the perfect Lamb who would take away sin. They were eating all the elements of that Old Covenant Passover meal, but only the bread and wine were emphasized for some very important and perhaps obvious (to the Christian) reason--namely that Christ was the bread and wine. The thrust of Jesus teaching was that every time they ate together, they should remember His death on their behalf, which was symbolized in those two elements.

Verses 15 and 16 of Luke 22, seem also to be quite significant:

And He said to them, "I have earnestly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer; {16} for I say to you, I shall never again eat it until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God."

It, the Passover, would be fulfilled when He came again. He would be the reality depicted in those physical symbols.   He is our new wine and bread.   We now have Him.   They were expecting Him to come and fulfill that Passover meal, and  drink it anew  with them in the realized Kingdom.

 The closer I look at the Scriptures, the more I realize that the hope for which they were awaiting was  Christ in them their glory . (Col. 1:27)   During the transition period (approximately AD 31 to AD 70) the Spirit of Christ was their  hope of glory .   This seems to be an important aspect of the New Covenant life as opposed to the New Covenant beginnings that the early Christians were experiencing.  I think you will begin to see as you progress through this article how that relates to why we no longer must practice the  Communion  ritual any longer.

Remember Christ prayed for the time when He, Himself, would be  in  them.

"O righteous Father, although the world has not known Thee, yet I have known Thee; and these have known that Thou didst send Me; {26} and I have made Thy name known to them, and will make it known; that the love wherewith Thou didst love Me may be in them, and I in them." John 17:25-26

Until I began to see the preterist view of the Bible, that verse had always puzzled me. I used to ask,   So, who is in me now--the Holy Spirit (Spirit of Christ), or Christ Himself.  (Some may disagree with me, but it seems pretty clear according to many passages, for example,

2 Cor 1:22  who also sealed us and gave us the Spirit in our hearts as a pledge.

2 Cor 5:5  Now He who prepared us for this very purpose is God, who gave to us the Spirit as a pledge.

  

"In Him, you also, after listening to the message of truth, the gospel of your salvation-- having also believed, you were sealed in Him with the Holy Spirit of promise, {14} who is given as a pledge of our inheritance, with a view to the redemption of God's own possession, to the praise of His glory."  Ephesians 1:13-14

"The Holy Spirit is signifying this, that the way into the holy place has not yet been disclosed, while the outer tabernacle is still standing, {9} which is a symbol for the present time. Accordingly both gifts and sacrifices are offered which cannot make the worshiper perfect in conscience"  Hebrews 9:8-9

"seeking to know what person or time the Spirit of Christ within them was indicating as He predicted the sufferings of Christ and the glories to follow." 1 Pet 1:11

As I began to study this out, here is what I have concluded thus far:

Christ promised the Holy Spirit would come to indwell them as the Comforter, or Helper, when He went away (Ascension).  That promise was realized at Pentecost.   They then had the promised Spirit of Christ as an  earnest ,  deposit  or  pledge --guaranteeing their inheritance to come:

 Now He who prepared us for this very purpose is God, who gave to us the Spirit as a pledge.  2 Corinthians 5:5

In Him, you also, after listening to the message of truth, the gospel of your salvation-- having also believed, you were sealed in Him with the Holy Spirit of promise, {14} who is given as a pledge of our inheritance, with a view to the redemption of God's own possession, to the praise of His glory. Ephesians 1:13-14

It seems clear that this sealing with the Holy Spirit produced a certain hope within all that belonged to Christ.   It was a  done deal  for them by promise, but not in reality.  The believers were  not yet fully present with the Lord until He returned.  The New Testament Church of the first century was alive and growing stronger and maturing by the indwelling Holy Spirit.   At the same time, the Old Covenant was also made obsolete and was fading away.   It would soon disappear.

"is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to disappear." Hebrews 8:13

Christians were being brought into that reality...into the  Holiest of All  which the indwelling Spirit was signifying to them at that present time-- approximately A.D. 68.

"The Holy Spirit is signifying this, that the way into the holy place has not yet been disclosed, while the outer tabernacle is still standing, {9} which is a symbol for the present time. Accordingly both gifts and sacrifices are offered which cannot make the worshiper perfect in conscience" Hebrews 9:8-9

The destruction of the Temple, and with it the Jewish sacrificial system, in 70 A.D. assured believers at that time of the New Covenant?s consummation, and that they were made  perfect in conscience .   It also signaled Christ?s fulfillment of His promise to them when He had eaten the Old Covenant Passover meal with His disciples for the last time. Christ's life was now in them just as He had promised. This was His prayer in John 17:26. In fact, the complete Godhead, the Triune God, was in them post 70 A.D. and likewise in us!

You may remember Christ also promised to return to receive them to Himself.

"In my Father's house are many mansions: if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you.  {3} And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also." John 14:2-3

When the prepared holy place was ready, Christ indeed came to them and received them to Himself. They and we (by virtue of the consummated Kingdom and through our personal faith in Christ) have been brought into the place where Christ dwells. As I see this, all of what Christ prayed and promised has been fulfilled. It is ongoing in that it is repeated every time a person is brought into God's Kingdom family.

Many preterists partake of the Lord's Supper not as a remembrance of His death only, but as a celebration of His presence with us post A.D. 70. I myself do not refuse to participate and do celebrate His Coming and completed Kingdom whenever I am in a situation where the "Lord's Supper" is administered. In my view, the practice should not be taught as a commandment to be obeyed, or even as one essential to producing worship to God. If it helps some folks to worship God then that is fine. However, it seems to me proper scriptural teaching concerning His LIFE in the believer should do the trick~especially for the one who believes Christ already returned! When people begin to  be taught His Presence with us now, rather than a future event, or worse, a place we will go at physical death, great will be their rejoicing because He IS drinking wine anew with us!

For the glory of Christ,

Karen Boydston